Le Tecniche di riconoscimento topografico attraverso la Palpazione consentono di ricostruire sul vivente il complesso delle relazioni morfologiche tra macrostrutture dell’Apparato locomotore (ossa, muscoli, articolazioni, legamenti) vasi arteriosi, venosi e nervi.
Tali Tecniche sono fondamentali per tutte le figure Sanitarie, a maggior ragione quando la loro efficacia venga dimostrata e integrata con semplici riscontri ecografici.
Per Medici, Infermieri, Fisioterapisti, Chinesiologi, Osteopati l’Anatomia Palpatoria è intrinsecamente connessa a tutta la Semeiotica Manuale e Strumentale, costituendone la base fondante. A ciò si aggiunga il valore della profonda analogia di tali manovre con quelle che misurano il ROM (range of motion) articolare e la Forza Muscolare. Per questo la loro conoscenza con la teoria ma soprattutto attraverso la pratica, è essenziale guida all’atto dell’Anamnesi e della Valutazione Funzionale.
Soccer practice can induce marked changes in the lower limbs with dreaded short and long term consequences. We evaluated the possible effects of sport practice on lower limb posture and their relationships with ankle joint mobility (AJM). In 61 male Soccer players mean age 11.6±1.8 years, and in 50 Volleyball and Basketball players matched for age, sex and body mass index, lower limb posture and AJM in both plantar flexion and dorsiflexion were evaluated on the sagittal plane in the supine position using, respectively, images analysis and an inclinometer.
A multivariate analysis of variance was carried out to assess if the practice of different sports affects the leg posture (FP: angle between foot and leg) and foot posture (LP: angle between the foot and the line perpendicular to the ground). The sport practiced showed a significant multi variate effect on the lower limb posture. Soccer players showed a greater LP angle (169.2±4.3°vs 164.9±4.5°; p<0.001) and a lesser FP angle in both Basketball and Volleyball players (298.0±12.6° vs 305.6±10.9°; p<0.002). These differences were not present between the Basketball and Volleyball players. Soccer players showed a reduced AJM (127.6±15.7° vs. 138.8±21.6 p<0.002) compared to the other subjects evaluated. The AJM was found directly correlated to the FP angle (p<0.005). The results of this study indicate that young Soccer players could show an altered posture of the leg and foot and a reduced AJM. The alterations of these parameters seem to be a consequence of the sport practice.
La respirazione è uno degli atti più comuni che svolgiamo quasi sempre senza rendercene conto, come lo sbattere le palpebre o il deglutire. Tutti gesti automatici che svolgiamo fuori dal controllo cosciente ma che allo stesso tempo si possono realizzare anche in forma volontaria, gestendone alcuni aspetti come la frequenza, la forza, l’ampiezza.
Questa importante funzione è affidata ad un sistema meccanico che permette di amplificare il volume del torace; in tal modo nel suo interno si crea una depressione che richiama aria dall’esterno verso l’interno.
Il polmone di per sé non è in grado di contrarsi, ma essendo collegato attraverso le pleure al torace viene trascinato da esso nel suo movimento di espansione e riempito d’aria per depressione.
Nel filmato, spero utile per Studenti, Studiosi e Appassionati, si descrive l’Anatomia e la biomeccanica della gabbia toracica e di tutti i muscoli inspiratori ed espiratori. Buona visione
Lo scopo di questo articolo è sottolineare l’importanza del monitoraggio a lungo termine dell’attività fisica nella prevenzione delle ulcere del piede diabetico.
Francia, P., Iannone, G., Paternostro, F., Santosuosso, U., & Gulisano, M. (2019). Management of daily physical activity and diabetic foot prevention. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 124(1), 87-103.
Even if physical activity plays a key role within diabetic foot treatment its use and the results obtained from this treatment seem to be still limited. Nowadays, new and even more advanced technologies for the long term daily physical activity monitoring are available and they are radically changing some aspects of physical activity such as its amount, features and monitoring.
In spite of the past, the several electronic devices that are currently available can be integrated into routine care and provide essential information for management to both the healthcare providers and patients. In particular, since the end of the last century, an increasing number of studies have applied the movement monitoring to patients at risk or with history of ulceration. The questionnaires have been progressively replaced with modern technologies such as accelerometers or complex multisensory devices able to objectively measure the physical activity performed.
The data collected through the use of such devices can allow a better assessment of patient’s condition and provide useful information for the definition of a more complete treatment protocol. Daily physical activity monitoring devices provide to the Diabetes Units information on the typology, quantity, distribution and intensity of the daily physical activity performed by each patient concurring to the prevention of foot ulcers that represent the most dreadful diabetes complications.
The different functions and modes of operation of monitoring devices can be integrated to provide a more comprehensive and intelligent monitoring system that provide valuable information on patients’ ongoing health status and the physical activity performed during daily life. These devices can manage in real time or even in remote the physical activity performed in addition to calculate that to be performed in the following hours. As a result, they contribute to improve patients’ lifestyle and reduce the costs for the treatment of such complications.
The aim of this review is to define and emphasize the role of a long term daily physical activity monitoring in the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers.
“Three cornerstones” for the prevention of diabetic foot ulcer
Ferdinando Paternostro 